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Determination
of the Phylogenetic Relationships of 37 Hosta Accessions Using
RAPD Analysis
Roger J. Sauve
and Suping Zhou
Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research
Seminar Series
Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN
September 21, 2005
Random
Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) technique was used to verify the
identity and the phylogenetic relationships of 37 hosta accessions
representing the major subgenera, sections and groups in the genus
Hosta. Results of this study show that RAPD markers were able to
differentiate not only the main groups, whose plants shared many genetic
traits, but also cultivars within a species. Some accessions were
identified by a single primer while others had high intercross linkage
and required many markers for their separation. The phylogenetic
clustering showed that H. plantaginea, the only night-blooming
species, and H. ventricosa, the only known natural tetraploid,
are unique and should be classified separately. The four species in the
subgenus Bryocles, section Lamellatae H. venusta, H. minor, H.
capitata, and H. nakaiana have very low genetic similarity
since they do not share many amplified fragments. The other accessions
were classified into four main clusters; cluster 1: H. venusta, H.
tardiva, H. pycnophylla, H. tsushimensis ‘Ogon’, H. montana, H.
tibae, H montana f. macrophylla, H. kikutii ‘Kikutii’, H.
longissima ‘Longifolia’, H. rectifolia ‘Rectifolia’, H.
takahashii and H.‘Undulata’; cluster 2: H. laevigata, H.
sieboldiana, H. pycnophylla x H. longipes f. latifolia, H. longipes
‘Urajiro’ and H. ibukiensis; cluster 3: H. capitata, H.
kikutii ‘Polyneuron’, H. nigrescens, H. kikutii ‘Yakusimensis’,
H. pachyscapa, H. kikutii ‘Caput-Avis’, H. longipes f.
latifolia, H. hypoleuca, H. okamotoi, H. densa and H. takiensis;
and cluster 4: H. aequinoctiiantha, H. rupifraga, H. ‘Amanuma’,
H. minor and H. kikutii ‘Densa’.
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