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Evaluation of
Biorational Products for Foliage Diseases and Insect Pest Management in
Roses and Photinia
M.T.
Mmbaga and J. Oliver
Nursery Crop Research Station
Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research
Seminar Series
Tennessee State University, McMinnville, TN
November 4, 2004
Compounds
used in controlling diseases and insect pests that are less harmful to
the environment have been termed “biorational”. The use of these
biorational compounds alone or in rotations with traditional fungicides
can control dogwood powdery mildew similar to fungicides alone and
reduce fungicide use by at least 50% the current use (Mmbaga and Sauve,
2004. Can. J. Plant Sci. 84:837-844). The objective of this research was
to evaluate the potential of biorational products on foliage diseases
and on insect pests in different nursery crops. Selected biorational
products included household soaps, bicarbnonate salt, horticultural oil,
plant extract from neem seed oil, potassium salt of fatty acids
(insecticidal soap) and kaoline (clay). Insecticide Sevin® and
Fungicides, Compass® and Bayleton® were used for comparison. Foliage
diseases evaluated were powdery mildew in roses (Sphaerotheca pannosa),
and crape myrtle (Erysiphe lagetroemiae), black spot in roses (Marssonina
rosae, anamorph Diplocarpon rosae), bacterial leafspot (Xanthomonas
campetris) in oak leaf hydrangea and leaf spot (Entomosprium mespili) in
photinia. Insect pests evaluated were Japanese beetles and non Japanese
beetles. Data on roses and photinia will be presented.
The
household soaps (Equate, Ajax,) were effective against pathogens, but
had little effect at deterring Japanese beetle leaf feeding. Potassium
bicarbonate (Armicarb™ ) and the neem-based products (Triact® 70 and
Neem Gold) gave inconsistent results in reducing foliage diseases and
were largely ineffective at reducing insect damage. Surround was as
effective as the insecticide Sevin® in controlling feeding damage from
Japanese beetles and has great potential as an alternative to the
insecticide especially in nursery production. Surround, Potassium
bicarbonate (ArmicarbTM), potassium salt of fatty acids (M-Pede®), neem
plant extract (Neem Gold®), and UltraFine Sunspray oil are labeled for
use on ornamental plants and are commercially available.
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